Most popular to learn from foreign experience thro

Through "green dot" learning from foreign experience, insiders revealed at the 2004 annual meeting of the China Circular Economy Development Forum held on the 7th that at present, waste packaging has accounted for 30% of domestic municipal waste! In recent years, the phenomenon of excessive packaging has caused strong disgust among the public, and the resulting large amount of packaging waste is even more headache

then, how do developed countries deal with the problem of packaging waste? Let's have a look

in France and even many European Union countries, most commodity packages are printed with green dot marks composed of two arc arrows chasing each other, meaning recycling. As long as the packaging of any commodity is printed with this "green dot" logo, it indicates that its manufacturer has paid for the recycling of its own product waste packaging in the future and participated in the so-called "commodity packaging recycling plan". However, the relevant fees are not collected at once. The real role of economic leverage is reflected in how to charge and spend

* enterprises bear the recycling costs

France is a country with a very high rate of industrialized packaging of goods, and the volume ratio of packaging waste to other waste in general households reaches 9:1. In order to curb the excessive use of packaging materials by enterprises, France formulated the "packaging regulations" in the early 1990s, requiring commodity producers to bear part of the cost of recycling waste packaging materials through legal forms. The basic principle of this regulation is: Whoever produces garbage will pay for it

according to the regulations, the "green dot" mark royalties paid by French enterprises are allowed to be included in the commodity price and passed on to consumers. Because the usage fee is linked to the amount of packaging materials, and the product price is directly related to the market competitiveness of enterprises, production enterprises are trying to simplify packaging and facilitate recycling, so as to reduce costs and make products more competitive. At present, more than 90% of the packages of consumer products in France are printed with "green dots"

* cleaning costs are prohibitive

it is reported that at present, many enterprises still do not pay attention to the cleaning and disinfection of central air conditioners. On the one hand, due to the lack of hygiene awareness in this regard, enterprises believe that "as long as the air conditioner can be cooled", as for the garbage inside the air conditioner, it is often left unattended because it is invisible

on the other hand, it also involves cost. According to the survey, at present, there are two charging standards for professional companies of cleaning and disinfection of such air conditioners: for central air conditioners with drawings, they are charged according to the air duct area; For the central air conditioner without drawings, the charge will be based on the actual area of the air conditioner. It costs about 10000 yuan to clean the central air conditioner with a blowing area of about 1000 square meters. By calculation, it will cost hundreds of thousands of yuan to thoroughly clean the central air conditioners in large shopping malls and supermarkets

some experts believe that the lack of a mandatory regulation is the deep reason why most enterprises choose to "ignore" the cleaning and disinfection of air conditioners

* "green dot" fees are earmarked for special purposes

how to truly "earmark" the charges for enterprises is another focus of public attention. To this end, like other EU countries, France has established an enterprise similar to the Association - "ecological packaging" group. The "green dot" mark royalties paid by the enterprises are directly allocated to the group through government authorization, which are specially used for the recycling and reuse of packaging waste and are supervised by the government

Eric Gillon, President of "ecological packaging" group, said that garbage recycling treatment is generally divided into three steps: collection and sorting, recycling and reuse. The group is mainly responsible for the latter two steps. Since it is impossible for enterprises to penetrate every corner of France to collect the packaging waste of their products, "eco packaging" group cooperates with nearly 30000 community institutions in France to recycle waste through the channels of the French mayors' Association. The recycling of household garbage is mainly the responsibility of community service personnel, while the "ecological packaging" group provides corresponding subsidies and technical equipment support with the enterprise's "green dot" logo royalties. Generally speaking, the more garbage the community collects and classifies, the more subsidies it receives

* the amount of garbage is expected to have "zero growth"

the above mechanism has continuously improved the enthusiasm of French enterprises to participate in the treatment of packaging waste pollution. In addition, the environmental protection concept of classified delivery and collection of garbage in France has long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Therefore, the recycling rate of packaging materials in this country has been continuously improved, and the recycling rate of packaging waste among residents reached 80% in 2003. In addition, garbage recycling and treatment has also formed a huge industry. In 2003, 63% of the waste packaging waste in France was reprocessed into primary materials such as cardboard, metal, glass and plastic, and 17% of the waste was converted into energy such as oil and heat. France has avoided the overflow of packaging garbage from the two links of production and recycling, so that France is expected to control the average annual total amount of garbage at zero growth in the future

commodity packaging can be seen everywhere in daily life. In Germany, most daily foods such as meat, eggs, milk, fruits and vegetables in supermarkets are packaged. In a few days, the waste packaging of composite cartons, plastic boxes, beverage bottles, cans and so on in the homes of ordinary residents are piled into a hill, which helps to achieve the best indoor air quality. However, unlike domestic waste, these waste packages will not be directly incinerated in waste treatment plants or landfilled in selected places, but will be recycled through various processes

specialized agencies are responsible for recycling

Germany began to implement the packaging regulations in 1991. The regulation makes relevant provisions on the recycling, reuse and utilization ratio of waste packaging for the first time

according to this law, Germany has established a corporate management organization called "German binary system", which is responsible for managing the recycling of packaging waste in the hands of consumers. The "dual system" is responsible for handling all waste packaging products with the "green dot" logo. However, the agency itself does not have waste classification and treatment equipment, but signs a contract with the packaging waste sorting and treatment company, which is responsible for cleaning and sorting

"German binary system" staff said that the organization currently has about 18000 customers upstream, including beverage manufacturers, packaging manufacturers, trading companies and importers, and about 400 partners responsible for waste packaging treatment downstream. There are many similar institutions in Germany, but they are much smaller. In addition, a few chain stores and other businesses solve the recycling of product packaging by themselves

* strict classification of domestic waste

the recycling of waste packaging depends on the cooperation of all sectors of society. To this end, Germany has implemented a strict domestic waste classification system. Among the waste packaging products, paper packaging is put into the blue trash can specially used for putting waste newspapers and magazines; Glass bottles and cans are put into different garbage cans according to different colors; Light packaging materials such as aluminum, white iron sheet and plastic need to be put into yellow garbage cans. Domestic waste is put into brown garbage cans and directly incinerated by the environmental sanitation department. All kinds of packaging materials are generally sorted and then recycled in different industrial departments

* significant energy conservation results

garbage classification is inseparable from public support. According to the survey of the German consumer research association, 94% of Germans believe that classifying and recycling garbage is the best way to deal with it. The survey in 1999 showed that 77% of Germans supported waste classification and recycling, only 17% were in favor of waste incineration, and 4% believed that the pressure testing machine had been safely and reasonably designed before manufacturing. A survey in April this year showed that 95% of Germans believe that garbage classification can make them. 2. Maintenance of oil source of digital electronic tensile test: it contributes to environmental protection